RDP - The Ramer-Douglas-Peucker Algorithm

Pretty fast implementation of the Ramer-Douglas-Peucker algorithm for reducing the number of points on a 2D curve. Urs Ramer (1972), "An iterative procedure for the polygonal approximation of plane curves" <doi:10.1016/S0146-664X(72)80017-0>. David H. Douglas and Thomas K. Peucker (1973), "Algorithms for the Reduction of the Number of Points Required to Represent a Digitized Line or its Caricature" <doi:10.3138/FM57-6770-U75U-7727>.